TED (Technology, Entertainment, Design – Technology, Entertainment, Design) is an annual interdisciplinary conference in Vancouver, Canada, which identifies the topic as “ideas worth spreading”. In the context of the conference a series of talks with widely known and high-profile speakers called TED Talks.
Among other things, Jane Goodall, Freeman Dyson, Bill Gates, Billy Graham, Bono, Sergey Brin, Larry Page, Richard Dawkins, Jimmy Wales, Al Gore, Temple Grandin and Sweden Trita Parsi and Hans Rosling have given talks at TED. All lectures will be taken on video and then placed on the Internet.
A large part of the lectures are translated and subtitled by volunteers at the TED – OTP (Open Translation Project). [ 1 ]
The conference was established in 1984 and has been held since 1990 to 2008 annually, it was held Monterey, California, between 2009 and 2013 the conference was held in Long Beach, California to receive the space with an increased number of attendees Vancouver, Canada.
TED also has an annual sister conference TED Global, held in various locations outside the United States, as well as the recurring special conferences held by TEDWomen [2], TEDYouth [3] and TEDSummit. [4]
HISTORY
1984-1999: FOUNDING AND EARLY YEARS
TED was conceived in 1984 by the architect and graphic designer Richard Saul Wurman , who observed a convergence of technology, entertainment and design (ie “TED”). [22] The first conference, organized by Harry patterns and Wurman same year, featured demos of SonyCD , and one of the first demonstrations of the Apple Macintosh desktop. [2] [23] Presentations given by the famous mathematician Benoit Mandelbrot and influential members of the digerati society, Nicholas Negroponte and Stewart Brand . The event was financially unsuccessful;It took six years before the second conference was held. [24]
From 1990 onwards, a growing community of “TEDsters” gathered annually at the event in Monterey, California , until 2009, when it was moved to Long Beach, California because of a sharp increase in participants. [25] Initially, the speakers were drawn from the fields of expertise behind the acronym TED, but in the nineties, the list of presenters expanded to include scientists, philosophers, musicians, religious leaders, philanthropists, and many others. [24]
2000-16: RECENT GROWTH
In 2000, Wurman, looking for a successor at age 65, met new media entrepreneur and TED enthusiast Chris Anderson to discuss future events.Anderson’s British media company Future bought TED. And in November 2001, Anderson’s The nonprofit Sapling Foundation (motto: “. Promoting the spread of great ideas” ) [1] acquired TED from Future for £ 6m. [26] In February 2002, Anderson gave a TEDTalk in which he explained his views on the conference and his future role of the curator . [27] Wurman left after the Conference in 2002.
In 2006, occupancy cost was $ 4,400 per person and was only invitation. [28] The membership model was moved in January 2007 to an annual membership fee of $ 6000, which includes the presence of the conference, club mailings, networking tools, and conference DVDs. 2017 conference will be $ 17,000 per participant. [29]
In 2014, the conference was moved to Vancouver.
TED is currently financed through a combination of different revenue streams, including meeting attendance fees, corporate sponsorship, foundation support, licensing fees and book sales. Corporate sponsorships are different, provided by companies like Google , GE , AOL ,Goldman Sachs , The Coca-Cola Company ; among others. Sponsors will not participate in the creative direction of the event, not allowed to put on the big stage, in view of journalistic independence. [30] [31]
TED staff consists of approximately 140 people with headquarters in New York and Vancouver . [32]
TED PRIZE
TED Prize was introduced in 2005. Until 2010, it granted to three people $ 100,000 and a “want to change the world.” [33] Each winner will present his wish at the main annual conference. Since 2010, in a changed selection process, is a single winner is chosen so that TED can maximize their efforts to achieve the winner desire. In 2012 the price was not awarded to an individual, but a concept that is connected to the current global phenomenon of increasing urbanization . In 2013, the prize money increased to $ 1 million. [34] The TED Prize winners in previous years:
| 2005 [35] | 2006 [36] | 2007 [37] | 2008 [38] | 2009 [39] | 2010 [40] | 2011 [41] | 2012 [42] | 2013 [43] | 2014 [44] | 2015 [45] | 2016 [46] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| bono | Larry Brilliant | Bill Clinton | Neil Turok | Sylvia Earle | Jamie Oliver | JR | City 2.0 [47] | Sugata Mitra | Charmian Gooch [48] | David Isay | Sarah Parcak |
| Edward Burtynsky[49] | Jehane Noujaim | E. O. Wilson | Dave Eggers | Jill Tarter | |||||||
| Robert Fischell | Cameron Sinclair | James Nachtwey | Karen Armstrong | José Antonio Abreu |
TED Conference commissioned New York artist Tom Shannon to create a sculpture prize to be given to all winners TED Prize. The sculpture consists of an eight-inch (20 cm) diameter aluminum sphere magnetically levitated over a walnut top.
TED.COM
In 2005 hired Chris Anderson in June Cohen as head of TED Media. In June 2006, after Cohen’s idea of a TV show based on the TED lectures rejected by several networks, a selection of calls that had received the highest audience was on the websites of TED, YouTube and iTunesunder the Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3, 0th [50] [51] Initially, only a handful of calls mailed, to test if there was an audience for them. In January next year, the number had TED Talks on the site has grown to 44, and they had stayed more than three million times. On the basis of this success, the organization pumped hundreds of thousands of dollars in their video production and in the development of a website to showcase about 100 of the calls. [50]
In April 2007, the new TED.com launched, developed by design company method. In the following years, the site has won many awards, among which seven Webby Awards , iTunes Best Podcast of the Year (2006-2010), the Communication Arts Interactive Award for “Information Design” in 2007, the OMMA price for “video sharing” in 2008 Web Visionary Award for “technological progress” in 2008, the one Show Interactive Bronze Award in 2008, AIGA annual Design Competition (2009) and a Peabody Award in 2012. [52] [53] [54] [55]
As of June 2015 had over 2000 TED talks posted. [18] Each week 5-7 new call is published. In January 2009, when the number of videos accessed 50 million times. In June 2011, the number of views was 500 million, [56] and 13 November 2012 TED reached its billion video viewing.[20] Chris Anderson in an interview in March 2012:
There used to be 800 people get together once a year; Now it’s about a million people per day watching TEDTalks online. When we first put up some of the talks as an experiment, we received such passionate response that we decided to turn the organization on its head and think of ourselves not so much as a conference, but “ideas worth spreading” build a large site around the. The conference is still the engine, but the site is the amplifier that takes the ideas to the world. [57]
In March 2012, Netflix announced a deal to stream a first series of 16 two-hour program, consisting of TEDTalks cover similar topics from several speakers. The content will be available to subscribers in the United States, Canada, Latin America, the United Kingdom and Ireland. [58]The host Jami Floyd, TED Talks NYC debuted on NYC Life March 21, 2012. [59]
RELATED PROJECTS AND EVENTS
TEDGLOBAL
In 2005, according to Anderson’s supervision, was a more internationally oriented sister conference was added, under the name TEDGlobal. It was kept in chronological order: in Oxford , UK (2005), in Arusha , Tanzania (2007, entitled “TEDAfrica), in Oxford again (2009 and 2010) and inEdinburgh , Scotland (2011, 2012 and 2013) in. In 2014 it was held in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil . [60] Additionally, there TED India, Mysore (2009).
TED European director (and curator for TEDGlobal) is Swiss-born Bruno Giussani . [61]
OPEN TRANSLATION PROJECT (OTP)
TED Open Translation Project started in May 2009 and aims to “[reach] out to the 4.5 billion people on the planet who do not speak English,” according to TED Curator Chris Anderson. [62] The OTP uses the crowd based texting platform to translate text in the TED and TED-Ed video, and to caption and translate videos created in the TEDx program (with its technology partners dotSUB until May 2012, and recently with theopen source translation tools Amara). At the time of launch, had 300 translations done by 200 volunteers transcribers in 40 languages. [15] In May 2015 more than 70,000 sets of subtitles in 107 languages [63] had been supplemented with (an all-time total) 38.173 volunteer translators.[64]
The project has contributed to a significant increase in international visitors to TED’s website, with traffic from outside the US to grow 350 percent, 600 percent growth in Asia, and more than 1,000 percent in South America. [65]
Members have several tools designed for knowledge management, such as OTP Wiki OTPedia, Facebook groups, or video tutorials. [66]
TEDX
TEDx is independent TED-like events, which can be organized by anyone who gets a free license from TED, agree to follow certain principles.[67] TEDx events are nonprofit, but could use an entry fee or commercial sponsorship to cover the costs. [68] Similarly, speakers are not paid.They must also refrain from copyright to their material TED can edit and distribute under Creative Commons -license. [69]
As of January 2014 contained TEDx talk library some 30,000 films and presentations from over 130 countries [70] [71] In March 2013, eight TEDx events held every day; rose from five in June 2012, compared with the previous year, in 133 countries. [72] [73] TEDx presentations include live performances, which are cataloged in TEDx Music Project . [74] In 2011, TED began a program called “TEDx in a Box” that allows people in developing countries to keep TEDx events. TEDx is also extended to include TEDxYouth events, TEDx corporate events and TEDxWomen. [Citation needed ] TEDxYouth events are self-contained applications that you can about students between 7-12 degrees. [75] These events usually have people closer to the students’ age and sometimes shows TED Talks. [ Citation needed ] According TEDxSanta Cruz “, as of 2015, over 1500 [TEDx events] have been planned throughout the world.” [76]
TED FELLOWS
TED Fellows were introduced in 2007, during the first TEDAfrica conference in Arusha , Tanzania , where 100 youths were selected from all kontinenten.Två years later, during TEDIndia was 99 Fellows recruited, mostly from South Asia. In 2009, the Fellows program was initiated in its present form. For each TED or TEDGlobal conference is 20 Fellows selected from among more than 1,200 applicants; total 40 new Fellows per year. Of the 40 Fellows selected in the previous year, 15 people are selected each year to participate in the two-year Senior Fellows program (where they will attend four conferences). Therefore, every year, there are 40 new Fellows plus 30 Senior Fellows from the two previous years.
Acceptance as a Fellow is not based on academic merit , but mainly on the past and current activities and plans for the future. [77] In addition to participating in a conference for free, take each Fellow part in a special program with mentoring by experts in the field to spread ideas, and he or she can give a short talk on “TED Fellows” or “TED University” stage , starting the day before the conference. Some of these conversations then posted on TED.com. Senior Fellows have additional benefits and responsibilities (to host a TEDx event for 50+ people). [78]
TEDMED
TEDMED is an annual conference focusing on health and medicine. It is an independent event operating under license from the nonprofit TED conference. [79]
TEDMED was originally founded in 1998 by TED founder Ricky Wurman and after years of inactivity. In 2008 TEDMED Wurman sold to entrepreneur Marc Hodosh , who re-created and re-launched it. The first event in Hodosh ownership was held in San Diego in October 2009. In January 2010 began TED.com including videos of TEDMED calls on the TED website. [79]
The second Hodosh-run edition of TEDMED took place in October 2010, also in San Diego. It was sold for a second year and attracted prominent health care leaders and Hollywood celebrities. [80]
In 2011, Jay Walker and a group of managers and investors bought TEDMED from Hodosh for $ 16 million future additional payments of up to $ 9,000,000. The conference was then moved to Washington, DC. [81]
OTHER PROGRAMS
- TED Books – These are original books from TED. As the talks, TED Books are long enough to explore a powerful idea, but short enough to read in a single sitting. The initiative began in January 2011 as an e-book series, and revived in September 2014 his first book in print. [82]
- TedEd Clubs – An education-based initiatives to get young people (ages 8-18) to share their ideas with colleagues and others, by giving a TED-like presentation on a topic they’re passionate about. TED provides curriculum and limited support for clubs for free. [83]
- TEDWomen – A series of conferences focused on women-oriented topics, including gender equality and reproductive health. [84] [85]
- TED Salon – Less length evening events with speakers and performers. [86]
- TED Radio Hour – A radio podcast show host Guy Raz and co-produced by NPR . Each episode uses several TED Talks to explore a common theme. [87]
RECEPTION
PRICING
Frank Swain, [88] a deaf journalist, refused to attend a TEDx event without being paid. He said it is just unacceptable that TED is a nonprofit organization, charges participants $ 6000, but can not afford to pay anything to their speakers. [89]
Sarah Lacy of BusinessWeek and TechCrunch claimed TED was elitist, on the basis of $ 6,000 ticket for the personal participant, poor treatment of minor participants and a friend get disinvited to TED to stop a seemingly prestigious San Francisco job. [90]
TED TALK CONTENT
Disagreements have also occurred between TED speakers and organizers. In his 2010 TED talk, comic Sarah Silverman referred adoption of “retarded” barn.TED organizer, Anderson opposed through his mail account, which leads to a Twitter skirmish between them. [91] [92] Chris Anderson blogged about the experience. [93]
Also in 2010, noted statistician Nassim Taleb called TED a “monster that transforms scientists and thinkers in the low-level entertainer, as circus performers.” He claimed TED curators did not initially add his speech “warning about the financial crisis” on its website on purely cosmetic reasons. [94]
Nick Hanauer spoke at TED University, challenging the popular notion that the top income earners in America are drivers for job creation. [95]TED accused of censoring the call not to publish the call on its website. [96] [97] The National Journal reported Chris Anderson had reacted by saying talk is probably rated as one of the most politically controversial conversation they would ever run, and they needed to be careful when they posted it. [96] Anderson responded officially indicates that TED only posts a call every day, chosen among many. [98] Forbes staff writer Bruce Upbin Hanauer described the speech as “shoddy and stupid” [99] , while New York magazine denounced the conference moves. [100]
After a TEDx talk by Rupert Sheldrake , issued TED a statement saying their scientific advisers believed that “there is little evidence of some of Sheldrake’s more radical assertions” made in the talk and recommended that it “should not be distributed without framed with caution” . The video of the conversation moved from the TEDx YouTube channel to TED blog, along with the design language called for by the advisor. The move and framing prompted accusations of censorship, to which Ted responded by saying the allegations were “simply not true” and that Sheldrake’s speech was “on our website.” [101] [102]
According to Professor Benjamin Bratton at the University of California, San Diego , TED Talks efforts to promote the development of socio-economy, science, philosophy and technology have been ineffective. [103] Chris Anderson replied that some critics have a misconception of TED’s goal, and failed to realize that the TED aims to instill excitement in the audience in the same way speaker felt it. He stated that TED would just take the news of the importance of certain subjects to a large audience.
CONFERENCES
TED1
Ted1 held in Monterey, California, February 23 to 26 in 1984.
TED 2
TED 2 was held in Monterey, California 22-25 February 1990.
TED3
TED3 held in Monterey, California, February 20 to 23, 1992.
TED4
TED4 held in Kobe, Japan 7-9 May 1993.
TED5
TED5 held in Monterey, California, 23-26 February 1994.
TED6
TED6 held in Monterey, Calif. 22-25 February 1995.
TED7
TED7 held in Monterey, California, 19-22 February 1997.
TED8
TED8 held in Monterey, CA from 18 to 21 February 1998.
TED9
TED9 held in Monterey, California, from 17 to 20 February 1999.
TED10 – UNDERSTANDING AMERICA
TED10 held in Monterey, California, 23-26 February 2000.
TED11 – WILL AND STILL
TED11 held in Monterey, California, February 21 to 24, 2001.
TED2002
TED2002 was held in Monterey, California, February 27 – March 2, 2003.
TED2003 – THE FUTURE BELONGS TO THOSE WHO CREATE IT
TED2003 was held in Monterey, California, Feb. 1, 26-March 2003.
TED2004 – THE PURSUIT OF HAPPINESS
TED2004 was held in Monterey, California, 25-28 February 2004.
TED2005 – INSPIRED BY NATURE
TED2005 was held in Monterey, California, 23-26 February 2005.
TED2006 – THE FUTURE WE CREATE
TED2006 was held in Monterey, California, 22-25 February 2006.
TED2007 – ICONS. GENIUSES. MAVERICKS
TED2007 was held in Monterey, California from 07 to 10 March 2007.
TED2008 – THE GREAT QUESTIONS
TED2008 was held in Monterey, California, February 1, 2008 March 27th.
TED2009 – THE GREAT REVELATIONS
TED2009 was held in Long Beach Performing Arts Center, 3-7 February 2009.
TED2010 – WHAT THE WORLD NEEDS NOW …
TED2010 held ii Long Beach Performing Arts Center, 9-13 February 2010 registered.
TED2011 – THE NEW DISCOVERY OF WONDER
TED2011 was held at Long Beach Performing Arts Center, February 28 – March 4, 2011.
TED2012 – FULL SPECTRUM
TED2012 was held in Long Beach Performing Arts Center, February 27 – March 2, 2012.
Among the contestants were Brian Green, Sarah Parcak, Andrew Stanton, Julie Burstein, Vijay Kumar, Karen Bass, Wade Davis, Suja Lowenthal, Bryan Stevenson, Liz Diller, Bill Nye and Brene Brown.
TED2013 – THE YOUNG. THE WISE. THE UNDISCOVERED
TED 2013 was held in Long Beach Performing Arts Center, February 1, 25 March 2013.
Among the speakers were Jennifer Granholm, Bono, Saskia Sassen, Stuart Firestein, Sergey Brin, Amanda Palmer, Elon Musk, Mary Lou Jepsen, Michael Green, Diana Reiss, Dan Pallotta and Julia Sweeney.
TED2014 – THE NEXT CHAPTER
TED2014 at the Vancouver Convention Center from 17 to 21 March 2014.
Among the speakers were Chris Hadfield, Elizabeth Gilbert, Mark Ronson, Geena Rocero, Edward Snowden, Melinda Gates, Bill Gates, Isabel Allende, Sting, Julia Sweeney, Larry Page, Masarat Daud and Ed Yong.
TED2015 – TRUTH AND DARE
TED2015 at the Vancouver Convention Center 16 to 20 March 2015.
Among the speakers were: David Eagleman, Sara Seager, Dave Issai, Monica Lewinsky, Roman Mars, Chris Burkard, Esther Perel, Aloe Blacc, Sophie Scott, Gary Haugen, Suki Kim and Siddhartha Mukherjee.
TED2016 – DREAM
TED2016 held at the Vancouver Convention Center, February 15-19, 2016.
Among the speakers were: Tabetha Boyajian, Christiana Figueres, Adam Foss, Al Gore, Ameera Harouda, Kenneth Lacovara, Dalia Mogahed, Adam Savage, Sarah Parcak, Linus Torvalds, tshering tobgay, Tim Stadt and Shonda Rhimes.
TEDX
In the spirit of ideas worth spreading TED has created a program called TEDx. TEDx is a program of local, self-organized events that bring people together to share a TED-like experience.